Focuses on applying the tools of causal inference and program evaluation to various policy issues. The course materials explore whether programs meet their desired goals. There are a number of ways in which the �effectiveness� of a program can be defined and measured. Empirical applications based on real-world data will be drawn from a wide range of policy areas, including education, welfare, unemployment, discrimination, health, immigration, the environment, and economic development. Previously offered as a special topics course.