Developing novel computational imaging techniques for high-speed 3D sensing and microscopy for biophotonics and space exploration applications. Fourier-Basis Agile Structured Illumination Sensing (F-BASIS) employs acousto-optically synthesized moving interference patterns, sparse RF-encoded aperture synthesis, non-redundant spatio-temporal frequency multiplexing, and single-pixel detection to measure dense clouds of 3D Fourier samples without scanning, making possible high-speed focus-free volume microscopy in reflected or fluoresced light for continuous 3D tracking and capture of brief localized events, such as neuron signals. F-BASIS also enables remote microscopy at a 5 m distance from a planetary rover. Areas of interest include computational sensing, 3D imaging, interferometry, Fourier optics and holography, optical superresolution, compressive sensing, aberration compensation, ultrafast lasers, nonlinear sensing, imaging in scattering media, telescopy, and planetary exploration.