selected publications

• conference proceeding

  • Global airborne sampling reveals a previously unobserved dimethyl sulfide oxidation mechanism in the marine atmosphere (vol 117, pg 4505, 2020).  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA. 2021
  • Partitioning and activation of reactive chlorine during the WINTER C-130 aircraft campaign: implications for wintertime oxidant budgets.  ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts. 2016
  • Characterization of a real-time tfor isoprene epoxydiols-derived secondary organic aerosol (IEPOX-SOA) from aerosol mass spectrometer measurements.  ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts. 2015
  • Gas/particle partitioning of organic acids during the southern oxidant and aerosol study (SOAS): Measurements and modeling.  ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts. 2015
  • Isoprene epoxydiols-derived secondary organic aerosol (IEPOX-SOA): Insights from aerosol mass spectrometer measurements in field campaigns.  ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts. 2015
  • Measurements of in-situ SOA formation and chemistry using an oxidation flow reactor.  ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts. 2015
  • Photochemical and multiphase sources of isoprene derived secondary organic aerosol.  ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts. 2015
  • SOA derived from isoprene epoxydiols: Insights into formation, aging and distribution over the continental US from the DC3 and SEAC4RS campaigns.  ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts. 2015
  • The Importance of Organic Aerosol to CCN Concentrations and Characteristics at a Forested Site in Colorado.  AIP Conference Proceedings. 836-838. 2013
  • Kinetic and mechanistic studies of the reactions of the OH radical with reduced sulfides..  ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts. U524-U524. 2002
  • Rapid, ultra-sensitive detection of gas phase elemental mercury under realistic atmospheric conditions using sequential two-photon LIF - A viable sensor for eddy-correlation measurements..  ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts. U523-U523. 2002

• journal article

  • Exploring the processes controlling secondary inorganic aerosol: evaluating the global GEOS-Chem simulation using a suite of aircraft campaigns.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 771-795. 2025
  • Evolution of Reactive Organic Compounds and Their Potential Health Risk in Wildfire Smoke.  Environmental Science and Technology (Washington). 19785-19796. 2024
  • Occurrence, abundance, and formation of atmospheric tarballs from a wide range of wildfires in the western US.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 10985-11004. 2024
  • Modeling Indoor Inorganic Aerosol Concentrations During the ATHLETIC Campaign with IMAGES..  1084-1095. 2024
  • Using observed urban NO_x sinks to constrain VOC reactivity and the ozone and radical budget in the Seoul Metropolitan Area.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 9573-9595. 2024
  • A comprehensive evaluation of enhanced temperature influence on gas and aerosol chemistry in the lamp-enclosed oxidation flow reactor (OFR) system.  Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 4915-4939. 2024
  • A multi-instrumental approach for calibrating real-time mass spectrometers using high-performance liquid chromatography and positive matrix factorization.  59-76. 2024
  • Airborne Observations Constrain Heterogeneous Nitrogen and Halogen Chemistry on Tropospheric and Stratospheric Biomass Burning Aerosol.  Geophysical Research Letters. 2024
  • Quantitative Characterization of the Volatility Distribution of Organic Aerosols in a Polluted Urban Area: Intercomparison Between Thermodenuder and Molecular Measurements.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2024
  • Observationally constrained analysis of sulfur cycle in the marine atmosphere with NASA ATom measurements and AeroCom model simulations.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 1717-1741. 2024
  • Parameterizations of US wildfire and prescribed fire emission ratios and emission factors based on FIREX-AQ aircraft measurements.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 929-956. 2024
  • Probing Atmospheric Aerosols by Multimodal Mass Spectrometry Techniques: Revealing Aging Characteristics of Its Individual Molecular Components.  ACS Earth and Space Chemistry . 2498-2510. 2023
  • Impact of Biomass Burning Organic Aerosol Volatility on Smoke Concentrations Downwind of Fires.  Environmental Science and Technology (Washington). 17011-17021. 2023
  • Emission Factors for Crop Residue and Prescribed Fires in the Eastern US During FIREX-AQ.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2023
  • Parameterizations of US wildfire and prescribed fire emission ratios and emission factors based on FIREX-AQ aircraft measurements 2023
  • Supplementary material to "Parameterizations of US wildfire and prescribed fire emission ratios and emission factors based on FIREX-AQ aircraft measurements" 2023
  • Stratospheric Gas-Phase Production Alone Cannot Explain Observations of Atmospheric Perchlorate on Earth.  Geophysical Research Letters. 2023
  • Parameterization of size of organic and secondary inorganic aerosol for efficient representation of global aerosol optical properties.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 5023-5042. 2023
  • A Scheme for Representing Aromatic Secondary Organic Aerosols in Chemical Transport Models: Application to Source Attribution of Organic Aerosols Over South Korea During the KORUS-AQ Campaign.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2023
  • Chemical Signatures of Seasonally Unique Anthropogenic Influences on Organic Aerosol Composition in the Central Amazon.  Environmental Science and Technology (Washington). 6263-6272. 2023
  • Pyrocumulonimbus affect average stratospheric aerosol composition.  Science. 815-+. 2023
  • Measurement report: Emission factors of NH3 and NHx for wildfires and agricultural fires in the United States.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2331-2343. 2023
  • Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ).  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2023
  • Nitrogen oxides in the free troposphere: implications for tropospheric oxidants and the interpretation of satellite NO₂ measurements.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 1227-1257. 2023
  • An investigation of petrochemical emissions during KORUS-AQ: Ozone production, reactive nitrogen evolution, and aerosol production.  Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene. 2022
  • Emission factors and evolution of SO₂ measured from biomass burning in wildfires and agricultural fires.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 15603-15620. 2022
  • Measurement report: Emission factors of NH₃ and NH_x for wildfires and agricultural fires in the United States 2022
  • Supplementary material to "Measurement report: Emission factors of NH₃ and NH_x for wildfires and agricultural fires in the United States" 2022
  • Secondary Organic Aerosol Mass Yields from NO₃ Oxidation of α-Pinene and Δ-Carene: Effect of RO₂ Radical Fate.  The Journal of Physical Chemistry A: Isolated Molecules, Clusters, Radicals, and Ions; Environmental Chemistry, Geochemistry, and Astrochemistry; Theory. 7309-7330. 2022
  • Aerosol size distribution changes in FIREX-AQ biomass burning plumes: the impact of plume concentration on coagulation and OA condensation/evaporation.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 12803-12825. 2022
  • Understanding the Evolution of Smoke Mass Extinction Efficiency Using Field Campaign Measurements.  Geophysical Research Letters. 2022
  • Comparison of airborne measurements of NO, NO₂, HONO, NO_y, and CO during FIREX-AQ.  Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 4901-4930. 2022
  • Simulating wildfire emissions and plume rise using geostationary satellite fire radiative power measurements: a case study of the 2019 Williams Flats fire.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 10195-10219. 2022
  • Airborne Emission Rate Measurements Validate Remote Sensing Observations and Emission Inventories of Western US Wildfires.  Environmental Science and Technology (Washington). 7564-7577. 2022
  • Characteristics and evolution of brown carbon in western United States wildfires.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 8009-8036. 2022
  • Limitations in representation of physical processes prevent successful simulation of PM_2.5 during KORUS-AQ.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 7933-7958. 2022
  • Oxidation Flow Reactor Results in a Chinese Megacity Emphasize the Important Contribution of S/IVOCs to Ambient SOA Formation.  Environmental Science and Technology (Washington). 6880-6893. 2022
  • Evaluating the Impact of Chemical Complexity and Horizontal Resolution on Tropospheric Ozone Over the Conterminous US With a Global Variable Resolution Chemistry Model.  Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 2022
  • Emission factors and evolution of SO₂ measured from biomass burning in wild and agricultural fires 2022
  • Supplementary material to "Emission factors and evolution of SO₂ measured from biomass burning in wild and agricultural fires" 2022
  • Photochemical evolution of the 2013 California Rim Fire: synergistic impacts of reactive hydrocarbons and enhanced oxidants.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 4253-4275. 2022
  • Identifying chemical aerosol signatures using optical suborbital observations: how much can optical properties tell us about aerosol composition?.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 3713-3742. 2022
  • The NASA Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) Mission Imaging the Chemistry of the Global Atmosphere.  Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. E761-E790. 2022
  • Evaluation of Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) Simulations for Seoul, Korea.  Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 2022
  • Exploring dimethyl sulfide (DMS) oxidation and implications for global aerosol radiative forcing.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 1549-1573. 2022
  • Characteristics and Evolution of Brown Carbon in Western United States Wildfires 2022
  • Supplementary material to "Characteristics and Evolution of Brown Carbon in Western United States Wildfires" 2022
  • A systematic re-evaluation of methods for quantification of bulk particle-phase organic nitrates using real-time aerosol mass spectrometry.  Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 459-483. 2022
  • Fine Ash-Bearing Particles as a Major Aerosol Component in Biomass Burning Smoke.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2022
  • Field observational constraints on the controllers in glyoxal (CHOCHO) reactive uptake to aerosol.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 805-821. 2022
  • Limitations in representation of physical processes prevent successful simulation of PM<sub>2.5</sub> during KORUS-AQ 2022
  • Supplementary material to "Limitations in representation of physical processes prevent successful simulation of PM<sub>2.5</sub> during KORUS-AQ" 2022
  • Comparison of airborne measurements of NO, NO₂, HONO, NO_y and CO during FIREX-AQ 2022
  • Supplementary material to "Comparison of airborne measurements of NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, HONO, NO<sub>y</sub> and CO during FIREX-AQ" 2022
  • Large contribution of biomass burning emissions to ozone throughout the global remote troposphere.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA. 2021
  • Reconciling Assumptions in Bottom-Up and Top-Down Approaches for Estimating Aerosol Emission Rates From Wildland Fires Using Observations From FIREX-AQ.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2021
  • Contribution of Organic Nitrates to Organic Aerosol over South Korea during KORUS-AQ.  Environmental Science and Technology (Washington). 16326-16338. 2021
  • Ozone chemistry in western US wildfire plumes.  Science Advances. 2021
  • Novel Analysis to Quantify Plume Crosswind Heterogeneity Applied to Biomass Burning Smoke.  Environmental Science and Technology (Washington). 15646-15657. 2021
  • Relating geostationary satellite measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) over East Asia to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5): insights from the KORUS-AQ aircraft campaign and GEOS-Chem model simulations.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 16775-16791. 2021
  • Machine Learning Uncovers Aerosol Size Information From Chemistry and Meteorology to Quantify Potential Cloud-Forming Particles.  Geophysical Research Letters. 2021
  • Photochemical Evolution of the 2013 California Rim Fire: Synergistic Impacts of Reactive Hydrocarbons and Enhanced Oxidants 2021
  • Supplementary material to "Photochemical Evolution of the 2013 California Rim Fire: Synergistic Impacts of Reactive Hydrocarbons and Enhanced Oxidants" 2021
  • Ambient aerosol properties in the remote atmosphere from global-scale in situ measurements.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 15023-15063. 2021
  • Quantification of cooking organic aerosol in the indoor environment using aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometers.  Aerosol Science and Technology. 1099-1114. 2021
  • A Systematic Re-evaluation of Methods for Quantification of Bulk Particle-phase Organic Nitrates Using Real-time Aerosol Mass Spectrometry 2021
  • Supplementary material to "A Systematic Re-evaluation of Methods for Quantification of Bulk Particle-phase Organic Nitrates Using Real-time Aerosol Mass Spectrometry" 2021
  • Field observational constraints on the controllers in glyoxal (CHOCHO) loss to aerosol 2021
  • Supplementary material to "Field observational constraints on the controllers in glyoxal (CHOCHO) loss to aerosol" 2021
  • Secondary organic aerosols from anthropogenic volatile organic compounds contribute substantially to air pollution mortality.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 11201-11224. 2021
  • Impact of stratospheric air and surface emissions on tropospheric nitrous oxide during ATom.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 11113-11132. 2021
  • Sizing response of the Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS) and Laser Aerosol Spectrometer (LAS) to changes in submicron aerosol composition and refractive index.  Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 4517-4542. 2021
  • HCOOH in the Remote Atmosphere: Constraints from Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) Airborne Observations.  ACS Earth and Space Chemistry . 1436-1454. 2021
  • The importance of size ranges in aerosol instrument intercomparisons: a case study for the Atmospheric Tomography Mission.  Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 3631-3655. 2021
  • Chemical transport models often underestimate inorganic aerosol acidity in remote regions of the atmosphere.  Communications Earth & Environment. 2021
  • Aerosol pH indicator and organosulfate detectability from aerosol mass spectrometry measurements.  Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 2237-2260. 2021
  • Impact of stratospheric air and surface emissions on ; tropospheric nitrous oxide during ATom 2021
  • Supplementary material to "Impact of stratospheric air and surface emissions on ; tropospheric nitrous oxide during ATom" 2021
  • Future changes in isoprene-epoxydiol-derived secondary organic aerosol (IEPOX SOA) under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways: the importance of physicochemical dependency.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 3395-3425. 2021
  • Ambient aerosol properties in the remote atmosphere from global-scale in-situ; measurements 2021
  • Supplementary material to "Ambient aerosol properties in the remote atmosphere from global-scale in-situ; measurements" 2021
  • Sizing Response of the Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Size Spectrometer (UHSAS) and Laser Aerosol Spectrometer (LAS) to Changes in Submicron Aerosol Composition and Refractive Index 2021
  • Supplementary material to "Sizing Response of the Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Size Spectrometer (UHSAS) and Laser Aerosol Spectrometer (LAS) to Changes in Submicron Aerosol Composition and Refractive Index" 2021
  • Airborne extractive electrospray mass spectrometry measurements of the chemical composition of organic aerosol.  Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 1545-1559. 2021
  • Machine learning uncovers aerosol size information from chemistry and meteorology to quantify potential cloud-forming particles 2021
  • New SOA Treatments Within the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM): Strong Production and Sinks Govern Atmospheric SOA Distributions and Radiative Forcing.  Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 2020
  • Interferences with aerosol acidity quantification due to gas-phase ammonia uptake onto acidic sulfate filter samples.  Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 6193-6213. 2020
  • Anthropogenic Secondary Organic Aerosols Contribute Substantially to Air Pollution Mortality 2020
  • Supplementary material to "Anthropogenic Secondary Organic Aerosols Contribute Substantially to Air Pollution Mortality" 2020
  • Airborne Extractive Electrospray Mass Spectrometry Measurements of the Chemical Composition of Organic Aerosol 2020
  • Supplementary material to "Airborne Extractive Electrospray Mass Spectrometry Measurements of the Chemical Composition of Organic Aerosol" 2020
  • Aerosol pH Indicator and Organosulfate Detectability from Aerosol Mass Spectrometry Measurements 2020
  • Supplementary material to "Aerosol pH Indicator and Organosulfate Detectability from Aerosol Mass Spectrometry Measurements" 2020
  • Fine particle pH and sensitivity to NH<sub>3</sub> and HNO<sub>3</sub> over summertime South Korea during KORUS-AQ 2020
  • Supplementary material to "Fine particle pH and sensitivity to NH<sub>3</sub> and HNO<sub>3</sub> over summertime South Korea during KORUS-AQ" 2020
  • Interferences on Aerosol Acidity Quantification due to Gas-phase Ammonia Uptake onto Acidic Sulfate Filter Samples 2020
  • Supplementary material to "Interferences on Aerosol Acidity Quantification due to Gas-phase Ammonia Uptake onto Acidic Sulfate Filter Samples" 2020
  • Future changes in isoprene-epoxydiol-derived secondary organic aerosol (IEPOX-SOA) under the shared socioeconomic pathways: the importance of explicit chemistry 2020
  • Supplementary material to "Future changes in isoprene-epoxydiol-derived secondary organic aerosol (IEPOX-SOA) under the shared socioeconomic pathways: the importance of explicit chemistry" 2020
  • Investigation of factors controlling PM_2.5 variability across the South Korean Peninsula during KORUS-AQ.  Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene. 2020
  • Supplementary material to "The Importance of Size Ranges in Aerosol Instrument Intercomparisons: A Case Study for the ATom Mission" 2020
  • The Importance of Size Ranges in Aerosol Instrument Intercomparisons: A Case Study for the ATom Mission 2020
  • Understanding and improving model representation of aerosol optical properties for a Chinese haze event measured during KORUS-AQ.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 6455-6478. 2020
  • Ambient Quantification and Size Distributions for Organic Aerosol in Aerosol Mass Spectrometers with the New Capture Vaporizer.  ACS Earth and Space Chemistry . 676-689. 2020
  • Natural and Anthropogenically Influenced Isoprene Oxidation in Southeastern United States and Central Amazon.  Environmental Science and Technology (Washington). 5980-5991. 2020
  • Characterization of organic aerosol across the global remote troposphere: a comparison of ATom measurements and global chemistry models.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 4607-4635. 2020
  • Evaluating the Consistency of All Submicron Aerosol Mass Measurements (Total and Speciated) for the NASA Atmospheric Tomography Aircraft Mission (ATom) 2020
  • Fast Airborne Extractive Electrospray Mass Spectrometry (EESI) Measurements of the Chemical Composition of Biomass Burning Organic Aerosol 2020
  • Global Survey of Aerosol Acidity from Polluted to Remote Locations: Measurements and Comparisons with Global Models 2020
  • Quantifying organic aerosol removal in the remote troposphere: Constraints on physical and chemical removal of OA provided by the ATom mission 2020
  • Quantitative Detection of Iodine in the Stratosphere 2020
  • An evaluation of global organic aerosol schemes using airborne observations.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2637-2665. 2020
  • Global airborne sampling reveals a previously unobserved dimethyl sulfide oxidation mechanism in the marine atmosphere.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA. 4505-4510. 2020
  • Asian dust observed during KORUS-AQ facilitates the uptake and incorporation of soluble pollutants during transport to South Korea.  Atmospheric Environment. 2020
  • Estimates of Regional Source Contributions to the Asian Tropopause Aerosol Layer Using a Chemical Transport Model.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2020
  • How emissions uncertainty influences the distribution and radiative impacts of smoke from fires in North America.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2073-2097. 2020
  • Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA. 1860-1866. 2020
  • Anthropogenic Control Over Wintertime Oxidation of Atmospheric Pollutants.  Geophysical Research Letters. 14826-14835. 2019
  • Climate Forcing and Trends of Organic Aerosols in the Community Earth System Model (CESM2).  Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 4323-4351. 2019
  • A new method to quantify mineral dust and other aerosol species from aircraft platforms using single-particle mass spectrometry.  Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 6209-6239. 2019
  • How emissions uncertainty influences the distribution and radiative impacts of smoke from fires in North America 2019
  • Supplementary material to "How emissions uncertainty influences the distribution and radiative impacts of smoke from fires in North America" 2019
  • A large source of cloud condensation nuclei from new particle formation in the tropics.  Nature. 399-+. 2019
  • Comparison of Airborne Reactive Nitrogen Measurements During WINTER.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 10483-10502. 2019
  • Integration of airborne and ground observations of nitryl chloride in the Seoul metropolitan area and the implications on regional oxidation capacity during KORUS-AQ 2016.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 12779-12795. 2019
  • Characterization of Organic Aerosol across the Global Remote Troposphere: A comparison of ATom measurements and global chemistry models 2019
  • Supplementary material to "Characterization of Organic Aerosol across the Global Remote Troposphere: A comparison of ATom measurements and global chemistry models" 2019
  • Observational Constraints on the Formation of Cl₂ From the Reactive Uptake of ClNO₂ on Aerosols in the Polluted Marine Boundary Layer.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 8851-8869. 2019
  • A simplified parameterization of isoprene-epoxydiol-derived secondary organic aerosol (IEPOX-SOA) for global chemistry and climate models: a case study with GEOS-Chem v11-02-rc.  Geoscientific Model Development. 2983-3000. 2019
  • Rates of Wintertime Atmospheric SO₂ Oxidation based on Aircraft Observations during Clear-Sky Conditions over the Eastern United States.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 6630-6649. 2019
  • Contributions of biomass-burning, urban, and biogenic emissions to the concentrations and light-absorbing properties of particulate matter in central Amazonia during the dry season.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 7973-8001. 2019
  • Aerosol size distributions during the Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom): methods, uncertainties, and data products.  Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 3081-3099. 2019
  • Atmospheric Acetaldehyde: Importance of Air-Sea Exchange and a Missing Source in the Remote Troposphere.  Geophysical Research Letters. 5601-5613. 2019
  • Response of the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer to Inorganic Sulfates and Organosulfur Compounds: Applications in Field and Laboratory Measurements.  Environmental Science and Technology (Washington). 5176-5186. 2019
  • An evaluation of global organic aerosol schemes using airborne observations 2019
  • Supplementary material to "An evaluation of global organic aerosol schemes using airborne observations" 2019
  • A new method to quantify mineral dust and other aerosol species from aircraft platforms using single particle mass spectrometry 2019
  • Supplementary material to "A new method to quantify mineral dust and other aerosol species from aircraft platforms using single particle mass spectrometry" 2019
  • Aerosol size distributions during the Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) mission: methods, uncertainties, and data products 2019
  • Widespread Pollution From Secondary Sources of Organic Aerosols During Winter in the Northeastern United States.  Geophysical Research Letters. 2974-2983. 2019
  • The potential role of methanesulfonic acid (MSA) in aerosol formation and growth and the associated radiative forcings.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 3137-3160. 2019
  • Towards a satellite formaldehyde - in situ hybrid estimate for organic aerosol abundance.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2765-2785. 2019
  • Biomass Burning Markers and Residential Burning in the WINTER Aircraft Campaign.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 1846-1861. 2019
  • A simplified parameterization of isoprene-epoxydiol-derived secondary organic aerosol (IEPOX-SOA) for global chemistry and climate models 2019
  • Supplementary material to "A simplified parameterization of isoprene-epoxydiol-derived secondary organic aerosol (IEPOX-SOA) for global chemistry and climate models" 2019
  • Contributions of biomass-burning, urban, and biogenic emissions to; the concentrations and light-absorbing properties of particulate; matter in central Amazonia during the dry season 2019
  • Supplementary material to "Contributions of biomass-burning, urban, and biogenic emissions to; the concentrations and light-absorbing properties of particulate; matter in central Amazonia during the dry season" 2019
  • Estimating Source Region Influences on Black Carbon Abundance, Microphysics, and Radiative Effect Observed Over South Korea.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 13527-13548. 2018
  • Strong Contrast in Remote Black Carbon Aerosol Loadings Between the Atlantic and Pacific Basins.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 13386-13395. 2018
  • Secondary organic aerosol production from local emissions dominates the organic aerosol budget over Seoul, South Korea, during KORUS-AQ.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 17769-17800. 2018
  • ClNO₂ Yields From Aircraft Measurements During the 2015 WINTER Campaign and Critical Evaluation of the Current Parameterization.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 12994-13015. 2018
  • Wintertime Gas-Particle Partitioning and Speciation of Inorganic Chlorine in the Lower Troposphere Over the Northeast United States and Coastal Ocean.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 12897-12916. 2018
  • Integration of Airborne and Ground Observations of Nitryl; Chloride in the Seoul Metropolitan Area and the Implications on; Regional Oxidation Capacity During KORUS-AQ 2016 2018
  • Supplementary material to "Integration of Airborne and Ground Observations of Nitryl; Chloride in the Seoul Metropolitan Area and the Implications on; Regional Oxidation Capacity During KORUS-AQ 2016" 2018
  • Nitrogen Oxides Emissions, Chemistry, Deposition, and Export Over the Northeast United States During the WINTER Aircraft Campaign.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 12368-12393. 2018
  • Is there an aerosol signature of chemical cloud processing?.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 16099-16119. 2018
  • Supplementary material to "The potential role of methanesulfonic acid (MSA) in aerosol formation and growth and the associated radiative forcings" 2018
  • The potential role of methanesulfonic acid (MSA) in aerosol formation and growth and the associated radiative forcings 2018
  • Organosulfates in aerosols downwind of an urban region in central Amazon.  Environmental Science Processes and Impacts. 1546-1558. 2018
  • Airborne Observations of Reactive Inorganic Chlorine and Bromine Species in the Exhaust of Coal-Fired Power Plants.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 11225-11237. 2018
  • Photochemical model evaluation of 2013 California wild fire air quality impacts using surface, aircraft, and satellite data.  Science of the Total Environment. 1137-1149. 2018
  • NO_x Lifetime and NO_y Partitioning During WINTER.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 9813-9827. 2018
  • Constraining nucleation, condensation, and chemistry in oxidation flow reactors using size-distribution measurements and aerosol microphysical modeling.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 12433-12460. 2018
  • Supplementary material to "Towards a satellite – in situ hybrid estimate for organic aerosol abundance" 2018
  • Towards a satellite – in situ hybrid estimate for organic aerosol abundance 2018
  • Secondary Organic Aerosol Production from Local Emissions Dominates the; Organic Aerosol Budget over Seoul, South Korea, during KORUS-AQ 2018
  • Supplementary material to "Secondary Organic Aerosol Production from Local Emissions Dominates the; Organic Aerosol Budget over Seoul, South Korea, during KORUS-AQ" 2018
  • Urban influence on the concentration and composition of submicron particulate matter in central Amazonia.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 12185-12206. 2018
  • Characterization of the Real Part of Dry Aerosol Refractive Index Over North America From the Surface to 12km.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 8283-8300. 2018
  • Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) yields from NO₃ radical + isoprene based on nighttime aircraft power plant plume transects.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 11663-11682. 2018
  • Chemical feedbacks weaken the wintertime response of particulate sulfate and nitrate to emissions reductions over the eastern United States.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA. 8110-8115. 2018
  • Flight Deployment of a High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer: Observations of Reactive Halogen and Nitrogen Oxide Species.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 7670-7686. 2018
  • Sources and Secondary Production of Organic Aerosols in the Northeastern United States during WINTER.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 7771-7796. 2018
  • Observations of sesquiterpenes and their oxidation products in central Amazonia during the wet and dry seasons.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 10433-10457. 2018
  • Is there an aerosol signature of cloud processing? 2018
  • Supplementary material to "Is there an aerosol signature of cloud processing?" 2018
  • Constraining nucleation, condensation, and chemistry in oxidation flow reactors using size-distribution measurements and aerosol microphysical modelling 2018
  • Supplementary material to "Constraining nucleation, condensation, and chemistry in oxidation flow reactors using size-distribution measurements and aerosol microphysical modelling" 2018
  • Heterogeneous N₂O₅ Uptake During Winter: Aircraft Measurements During the 2015 WINTER Campaign and Critical Evaluation of Current Parameterizations.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 4345-4372. 2018
  • Evaluation of the New Capture Vaporizer for Aerosol Mass Spectrometers (AMS): Elemental Composition and Source Apportionment of Organic Aerosols (OA).  ACS Earth and Space Chemistry . 410-421. 2018
  • Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) yields from NO<sub>3</sub> radical ; + isoprene based on nighttime aircraft power plant plume ; transects 2018
  • Supplementary material to "Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) yields from NO<sub>3</sub> radical ; + isoprene based on nighttime aircraft power plant plume ; transects" 2018
  • Monoterpenes are the largest source of summertime organic aerosol in the southeastern United States.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA. 2038-2043. 2018
  • Supplementary material to "Urban influence on the concentration and composition of submicron particulate matter in central Amazonia" 2018
  • Urban influence on the concentration and composition of submicron particulate matter in central Amazonia 2018
  • Exploring the observational constraints on the simulation of brown carbon.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 635-653. 2018
  • Secondary organic aerosol formation from ambient air in an oxidation flow reactor in central Amazonia.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 467-493. 2018
  • Evaluation of the new capture vaporizer for aerosol mass spectrometers: Characterization of organic aerosol mass spectra.  Aerosol Science and Technology. 725-739. 2018
  • Comprehensive characterization of atmospheric organic carbon at a forested site.  Nature Geoscience. 748-+. 2017
  • Secondary organic aerosol formation from ambient air in an oxidation flow reactor in central Amazonia 2017
  • Supplementary material to "Secondary organic aerosol formation from ambient air in an oxidation flow reactor in central Amazonia" 2017
  • Evaluation of the new capture vapourizer for aerosol mass spectrometers (AMS) through laboratory studies of inorganic species.  Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 2897-2921. 2017
  • Impact of Thermal Decomposition on Thermal Desorption Instruments: Advantage of Thermogram Analysis for Quantifying Volatility Distributions of Organic Species.  Environmental Science and Technology (Washington). 8491-8500. 2017
  • Exploring the observational constraints on the simulation of brown carbon 2017
  • Top-of-atmosphere radiative forcing affected by brown carbon in the upper troposphere.  Nature Geoscience. 486-+. 2017
  • Airborne measurements of western US wildfire emissions: Comparison with prescribed burning and air quality implications.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 6108-6129. 2017
  • Influence of urban pollution on the production of organic particulate matter from isoprene epoxydiols in central Amazonia.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 6611-6629. 2017
  • Contrasting aerosol refractive index and hygroscopicity in the inflow and outflow of deep convective storms: Analysis of airborne data from DC3.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 4565-4577. 2017
  • Secondary organic aerosol formation from in situ OH, O₃, and NO₃ oxidation of ambient forest air in an oxidation flow reactor.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 5331-5354. 2017
  • Inconsistency of ammonium-sulfate aerosol ratios with thermodynamic models in the eastern US: a possible role of organic aerosol.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 5107-5118. 2017
  • In situ measurements of water uptake by black carbon-containing aerosol in wildfire plumes.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 1086-1097. 2017
  • Secondary organic aerosol formation from in situ OH, O<sub>3</sub>, and NO<sub>3</sub>; oxidation of ambient forest air in an oxidation flow reactor 2017
  • Supplementary material to "Secondary organic aerosol formation from in situ OH, O<sub>3</sub>, and NO<sub>3</sub>; oxidation of ambient forest air in an oxidation flow reactor" 2017
  • Evaluation of the new capture vaporizer for aerosol mass spectrometers (AMS) through field studies of inorganic species.  Aerosol Science and Technology. 735-754. 2017
  • Influence of urban pollution on the production of organic particulate matter from isoprene epoxydiols in central Amazonia 2016
  • Supplementary material to "Influence of urban pollution on the production of organic particulate matter from isoprene epoxydiols in central Amazonia" 2016
  • Ambient observations of hygroscopic growth factor and f(RH) below 1: Case studies from surface and airborne measurements.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 13661-13677. 2016
  • Evaluation of the new capture vaporizer for Aerosol Mass Spectrometers (AMS); through laboratory studies of inorganic species 2016
  • Supplementary material to "Evaluation of the new capture vaporizer for Aerosol Mass Spectrometers (AMS); through laboratory studies of inorganic species" 2016
  • Ambient Gas-Particle Partitioning of Tracers for Biogenic Oxidation.  Environmental Science and Technology (Washington). 9952-9962. 2016
  • Volatility and lifetime against OH heterogeneous reaction of ambient isoprene-epoxydiols-derived secondary organic aerosol (IEPOX-SOA).  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 11563-11580. 2016
  • Fine particle pH and the partitioning of nitric acid during winter in the northeastern United States.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 10355-10376. 2016
  • Agricultural fires in the southeastern US during SEAC⁴RS: Emissions of trace gases and particles and evolution of ozone, reactive nitrogen, and organic aerosol.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 7383-7414. 2016
  • Surface dimming by the 2013 Rim Fire simulated by a sectional aerosol model.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 7079-7087. 2016
  • Supplementary material to "Volatility and lifetime against OH heterogeneous reaction of ambient Isoprene Epoxydiols-Derived Secondary Organic Aerosol (IEPOX-SOA)" 2016
  • Volatility and lifetime against OH heterogeneous reaction of ambient Isoprene Epoxydiols-Derived Secondary Organic Aerosol (IEPOX-SOA) 2016
  • Observational Constraints on the Oxidation of NO_x in the Upper Troposphere.  The Journal of Physical Chemistry A: Isolated Molecules, Clusters, Radicals, and Ions; Environmental Chemistry, Geochemistry, and Astrochemistry; Theory. 1468-1478. 2016
  • Highly functionalized organic nitrates in the southeast United States: Contribution to secondary organic aerosol and reactive nitrogen budgets.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA. 1516-1521. 2016
  • Airborne measurements and emission estimates of greenhouse gases and other trace constituents from the 2013 California Yosemite Rim wildfire.  Atmospheric Environment. 293-302. 2016
  • Aerosol optical properties in the southeastern United States in summer - Part 1: Hygroscopic growth.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 4987-5007. 2016
  • Aerosol optical properties in the southeastern United States in summer - Part 2: Sensitivity of aerosol optical depth to relative humidity and aerosol parameters.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 5009-5019. 2016
  • Aqueous-phase mechanism for secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene: application to the southeast United States and co-benefit of SO₂ emission controls.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 1603-1618. 2016
  • In situ secondary organic aerosol formation from ambient pine forest air using an oxidation flow reactor.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2943-2970. 2016
  • Organic nitrate chemistry and its implications for nitrogen budgets in an isoprene- and monoterpene-rich atmosphere: constraints from aircraft (SEAC⁴RS) and ground-based (SOAS) observations in the Southeast US.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 5969-5991. 2016
  • Speciated measurements of semivolatile and intermediate volatility organic compounds (S/IVOCs) in a pine forest during BEACHON-RoMBAS 2011.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 1187-1205. 2016
  • Aqueous-phase mechanism for secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene: application to the Southeast United States and co-benefit of SO<sub>2</sub> emission controls 2015
  • Aerosol optical properties in the southeastern United States in summer – Part 2: Sensitivity of aerosol optical depth to relative humidity and aerosol parameters 2015
  • In situ secondary organic aerosol formation from ambient pine forest air using an oxidation flow reactor 2015
  • Supplementary material to "In situ secondary organic aerosol formation from ambient pine forest air using an oxidation flow reactor" 2015
  • Aerosol optical properties in the southeastern United States in summer – Part 1: Hygroscopic growth 2015
  • Aerosol transport and wet scavenging in deep convective clouds: A case study and model evaluation using a multiple passive tracer analysis approach.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 8448-8468. 2015
  • Speciated measurements of semivolatile and intermediate volatility organic compounds (S/IVOCs) in a pine forest during BEACHON-RoMBAS 2011 2015
  • Supplementary material to "Speciated measurements of semivolatile and intermediate volatility organic compounds (S/IVOCs) in a pine forest during BEACHON-RoMBAS 2011" 2015
  • THE DEEP CONVECTIVE CLOUDS AND CHEMISTRY (DC3) FIELD CAMPAIGN.  Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 1281-1309. 2015
  • Estimating the contribution of organic acids to northern hemispheric continental organic aerosol.  Geophysical Research Letters. 6084-6090. 2015
  • Sources, seasonality, and trends of Southeast US aerosol: an integrated analysis of surface, aircraft, and satellite observations with the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model 2015
  • Supplementary material to "Sources, seasonality, and trends of Southeast US aerosol: an integrated analysis of surface, aircraft, and satellite observations with the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model" 2015
  • Evolution of brown carbon in wildfire plumes.  Geophysical Research Letters. 4623-4630. 2015
  • Organic nitrate aerosol formation via NO<sub>3</sub> + BVOC in the Southeastern US 2015
  • Supplementary material to "Organic nitrate aerosol formation via NO<sub>3</sub> + BVOC in the Southeastern US" 2015
  • Elemental composition of organic aerosol: The gap between ambient and laboratory measurements.  Geophysical Research Letters. 4182-4189. 2015
  • Revealing important nocturnal and day-to-day variations in fire smoke emissions through a multiplatform inversion.  Geophysical Research Letters. 3609-3618. 2015
  • Airborne measurements of organosulfates over the continental US.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2990-3005. 2015
  • Supplementary material to "Characterization of a real-time tracer for Isoprene Epoxydiols-derived Secondary Organic Aerosol (IEPOX-SOA) from aerosol mass spectrometer measurements" 2015
  • Brown carbon aerosol in the North American continental troposphere: sources, abundance, and radiative forcing.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 7841-7858. 2015
  • Characterization of a real-time tracer for isoprene epoxydiols-derived secondary organic aerosol (IEPOX-SOA) from aerosol mass spectrometer measurements.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 11807-11833. 2015
  • In situ vertical profiles of aerosol extinction, mass, and composition over the southeast United States during SENEX and SEAC(4)RS: observations of a modest aerosol enhancement aloft (vol 15, pg 7085, 2015).  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 8455-8455. 2015
  • In situ vertical profiles of aerosol extinction, mass, and composition over the southeast United States during SENEX and SEAC⁴RS: observations of a modest aerosol enhancement aloft.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 7085-7102. 2015
  • Organic nitrate aerosol formation via NO₃ + biogenic volatile organic compounds in the southeastern United States.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 13377-13392. 2015
  • Sources, seasonality, and trends of southeast US aerosol: an integrated analysis of surface, aircraft, and satellite observations with the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 10411-10433. 2015
  • Trends in sulfate and organic aerosol mass in the Southeast U.S.: Impact on aerosol optical depth and radiative forcing.  Geophysical Research Letters. 7701-7709. 2014
  • Overview of the Manitou Experimental Forest Observatory: site description and selected science results from 2008–2013 2014
  • Supplementary material to "Overview of the Manitou Experimental Forest Observatory: site description and selected science results from 2008–2013" 2014
  • Overview of the Manitou Experimental Forest Observatory: site description and selected science results from 2008 to 2013.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 6345-6367. 2014
  • Semicontinuous measurements of gas-particle partitioning of organic acids in a ponderosa pine forest using a MOVI-HRToF-CIMS.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 1527-1546. 2014
  • Size-resolved aerosol composition and its link to hygroscopicity at a forested site in Colorado.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2657-2667. 2014
  • Size-resolved aerosol composition and link to hygroscopicity at a forested site in Colorado 2013
  • Semi-continuous measurements of gas/particle partitioning of organic acids in a ponderosa pine forest using a MOVI-HRToF-CIMS 2013
  • Supplementary material to "Semi-continuous measurements of gas/particle partitioning of organic acids in a ponderosa pine forest using a MOVI-HRToF-CIMS" 2013
  • Observations of gas- and aerosol-phase organic nitrates at BEACHON-RoMBAS 2011 2013
  • Observations of gas- and aerosol-phase organic nitrates at BEACHON-RoMBAS 2011.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 8585-8605. 2013
  • Organosulfates as Tracers for Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) Formation from 2-Methyl-3-Buten-2-ol (MBO) in the Atmosphere.  Environmental Science and Technology (Washington). 9437-9446. 2012
  • NO₃-initiated oxidation of biogenic hydrocarbons as a nighttime source of secondary organic aerosol.  ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts. 2012
  • A subsiding regional forest fire aerosol layer at Whistler, BC: implications for interpretation of mountaintop chemistry observations 2010
  • Ground-based remote sensing of an elevated forest fire aerosol layer at Whistler, BC: implications for interpretation of mountaintop chemistry.  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 11921-11930. 2010
  • Studies of one and two component aerosols using IR/VUV single particle mass spectrometry: Insights into the vaporization process and quantitative limitations.  Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 11565-11575. 2010
  • Experimental and Theoretical Studies of the Reaction of the OH Radical with Alkyl Sulfides: 3. Kinetics and Mechanism of the OH Initiated Oxidation of Dimethyl, Dipropyl, and Dibutyl Sulfides: Reactivity Trends in the Alkyl Sulfides and Development of a Predictive Expression for the Reaction of OH with DMS.  The Journal of Physical Chemistry A: Isolated Molecules, Clusters, Radicals, and Ions; Environmental Chemistry, Geochemistry, and Astrochemistry; Theory. 6697-6709. 2009
  • A laser desorption-electron impact ionization ion trap mass spectrometer for real-time analysis of single atmospheric particles.  International Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 140-149. 2009
  • A new broadly tunable (7.4-10.2 eV) laser based VUV light source and its first application to aerosol mass spectrometry.  International Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 134-146. 2009
  • A study of oleic acid and 2,4-DHB acid aerosols using an IR-VUV-ITMS: insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the technique.  Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 7963-7975. 2009
  • Experimental and theoretical studies of the reaction of the OH radical with alkyl sulfides: 2. Kinetics and mechanism of the OH initiated oxidation of methylethyl and diethyl sulfides; observations of a two channel oxidation mechanism.  Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 4370-4382. 2007
  • Experimental and theoretical studies of the reaction of the OH radical with alkyl sulfides: 1. Direct observations of the formation of the OH-DMS adduct-pressure dependence of the forward rate of addition and development of a predictive expression at low temperature.  The Journal of Physical Chemistry A: Isolated Molecules, Clusters, Radicals, and Ions; Environmental Chemistry, Geochemistry, and Astrochemistry; Theory. 89-104. 2007
  • Gas phase UV absorption spectra for a series of alkyl sulfides.  Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry. 77-82. 2005
  • Kinetic and mechanistic studies of the recombination of OH with NO₂:: Vibrational deactivation, isotopic scrambling and product isomer branching ratios.  Faraday Discussions. 111-123. 2005
  • Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of the hydroxyl radical with h₈-isoprene and d₈-isoprene:: Isoprene absorption cross sections, rate coefficients, and the mechanism of hydroperoxyl radical production.  The Journal of Physical Chemistry A: Isolated Molecules, Clusters, Radicals, and Ions; Environmental Chemistry, Geochemistry, and Astrochemistry; Theory. 1537-1551. 2004
  • Vibrational deactivation studies of OH X ²Π (ν=1-5) by N₂ and O₂.  Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 4276-4282. 2004
  • Near-real-time measurement of sea-salt aerosol during the SEAS campaign: Comparison of emission-based sodium detection with an aerosol volatility technique.  Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. 1421-1430. 2003
  • Gas phase elemental mercury: a comparison of LIF detection techniques and study of the kinetics of reaction with the hydroxyl radical.  Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry. 247-256. 2003
  • Rapid, ultra-sensitive detection of gas phase elemental mercury under atmospheric conditions using sequential two-photon laser induced fluorescence.  Environmental Science Processes and Impacts. 339-343. 2002
  • A pulsed laser photolysis-pulsed laser induced fluorescence study of the kinetics of the gas-phase reaction of OH with NO₂.  The Journal of Physical Chemistry A: Isolated Molecules, Clusters, Radicals, and Ions; Environmental Chemistry, Geochemistry, and Astrochemistry; Theory. 10538-10543. 2001
  • Kinetic and mechanistic studies of the OH-initiated oxidation of dimethylsulfide at low temperature - A reevaluation of the rate coefficient and branching ratio.  Chemical Physics Letters. 61-67. 2001
  • Real-time measurement of sodium in single aerosol particles by flame emission: laboratory characterization.  Journal of Aerosol Science. 765-778. 2001
  • Kinetics of the OH-initiated oxidation of isoprene.  Geophysical Research Letters. 693-696. 2000
  • Kinetics of the reaction of OH with HI between 246 and 353 K.  The Journal of Physical Chemistry A: Isolated Molecules, Clusters, Radicals, and Ions; Environmental Chemistry, Geochemistry, and Astrochemistry; Theory. 2712-2719. 1999
  • Temperature dependent rate constants for the gas-phase reaction between OH and CH3OCl.  The Journal of physical chemistry. 3601-3606. 1996
  • KINETIC AND THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF THE F+O-2 REACTION SYSTEM UNDER HIGH-PRESSURE AND LOW-TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS.  Journal of Chemical Physics. 5317-5326. 1995